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 I used to look at veiled women as quiet, oppressed creatures -- until
I was captured by the Taliban. In September 2001, just 15 days after the
terrorist attacks on the United States, I snuck into Afghanistan, clad in a
head-to-toe blue burqa, intending to write a newspaper account of life
under the repressive regime. Instead, I was discovered, arrested and detained
for 10 days. I spat and swore at my captors; they called me a “bad” woman but
let me go after I promised to read the Quran and study Islam. (Frankly, I’m
not sure who was happier when I was freed -- they or I.) Back home in London, I kept my word about studying Islam -- and was amazed by what I discovered. I’d
been expecting Quran chapters on how to beat your wife and oppress your
daughters; instead, I found passages promoting the liberation of women. Two-and-a-half
years after my capture, I converted to Islam, provoking a mixture of
astonishment, disappointment and encouragement among friends and relatives.
Now, it is with disgust and dismay that I watch here in Britain as former foreign secretary Jack Straw describes
the Muslim nikab -- a face veil that reveals only the eyes -- as an
unwelcome barrier to integration, with Prime Minister Tony Blair, writer Salman
Rushdie and even Italian Prime Minister Romano Prodi leaping to his defense.
Having been on both sides of the veil, I can tell you that most Western male
politicians and journalists who lament the oppression of women in the Islamic
world have no idea what they are talking about. They go on about veils, child
brides, female circumcision, honor killings and forced marriages, and they
wrongly blame Islam for all this -- their arrogance surpassed only by their
ignorance. These cultural issues and customs have nothing to do with Islam. A
careful reading of the Quran shows that just about everything that Western
feminists fought for in the 1970s were available to Muslim women 1,400 years
ago. Women in Islam are considered equal to men in spirituality, education and
worth, and a woman’s gift for childbirth and child-rearing is regarded as a
positive attribute. When Islam offers women so much, why are Western men so
obsessed with Muslim women’s attire? Even British government ministers Gordon
Brown and John Reid have made disparaging remarks about the nikab -- and
they hail from across the Scottish border, where men wear skirts.
When I converted to Islam and began wearing a headscarf,
the repercussions were enormous. All I did was cover my head and hair -- but I
instantly became a second-class citizen. I knew I’d hear from the odd
Islamophobe, but I didn’t expect so much open hostility from strangers. Cabs
passed me by at night, their “for hire” lights glowing. One cabbie, after
dropping off a white passenger right in front of me, glared at me when I rapped
on his window, then drove off. Another said, “Don’t leave a bomb in the back
seat” and asked, “Where’s bin Laden hiding?” Yes, it is a religious obligation
for Muslim women to dress modestly, but the majority of Muslim women I know
like wearing the hijab, which leaves the face uncovered, though a few
prefer the nikab. It is a personal statement: My dress tells you that I
am a Muslim and that I expect to be treated respectfully, much as a Wall Street
banker would say that a business suit defines him as an executive to be taken
seriously. And, especially among converts to the faith like me, the attention
of men who confront women with inappropriate, leering behavior is not
tolerable.
I was a Western feminist for many years, but I’ve
discovered that Muslim feminists are more radical than their secular
counterparts. We hate those ghastly beauty pageants, and tried to stop
laughing in 2003 when judges of the Miss Earth competition hailed the emergence
of a bikini-clad Miss Afghanistan, Vida Samadzai, as a giant leap for women’s
liberation. They even gave Samadzai a special award for “representing the
victory of women’s rights.” Some young Muslim feminists consider the hijab
and the nikab political symbols, too, a way of rejecting Western
excesses such as binge drinking, casual sex and drug use. What is more
liberating: being judged on the length of your skirt and the size of your
surgically enhanced breasts, or being judged on your character and
intelligence? In Islam, superiority is achieved through piety -- not beauty,
wealth, power, position or sex.
I didn’t know whether to scream or laugh when Italy’s
Prodi joined the debate last week by declaring that it is “common sense” not to
wear the nikab because it makes social relations “more difficult.” Nonsense.
If this is the case, then why are cell phones, landlines, e-mail, text
messaging and fax machines in daily use? And no one switches off the radio
because they can’t see the presenter’s face. Under Islam, I am respected. It
tells me that I have a right to an education and that it is my duty to seek out
knowledge, regardless of whether I am single or married. Nowhere in the
framework of Islam are we told that women must wash, clean or cook for men. As
for how Muslim men are allowed to beat their wives -- it’s simply not true.
Critics of Islam will quote random Quranic verses or Hadith, but usually out of
context. If a man does raise a finger against his wife, he is not allowed to
leave a mark on her body, which is the Quran’s way of saying, “Don’t beat your
wife, stupid.” It is not just Muslim men who must reevaluate the place and
treatment of women. According to a recent National Domestic Violence Hotline
survey, 4 million American women experience a serious assault by a partner
during an average 12-month period. More than three women are killed by their
husbands and boyfriends every day -- that is nearly 5,500 since 9/11.
Violent men don’t come from any particular religious or
cultural category; one in three women around the world has been beaten, coerced
into sex or otherwise abused in her lifetime, according to the hotline survey.
This is a global problem that transcends religion, wealth, class, race and
culture. But it is also true that in the West, men still believe that they are
superior to women, despite protests to the contrary. They still receive better
pay for equal work -- whether in the mailroom or the boardroom -- and women are
still treated as sexualized commodities whose power and influence flow directly
from their appearance. And for those who are still trying to claim that Islam
oppresses women, recall this 1992 statement from the Rev. Pat Robertson,
offering his views on empowered women: Feminism is a “socialist, anti-family
political movement that encourages women to leave their husbands, kill their
children, practice witchcraft, destroy capitalism and become lesbians.” Now
you tell me who is civilized and who is not.
(Yvonne Ridley is political
editor of Islam Channel TV in London and co-author of “In the Hands of the Taliban:
Her Extraordinary Story.”)
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