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 Let’s
think of an aspirin pill for a moment; you will immediately recall the mark in
the middle of it. This mark is designed in order to help those who wish to take
half a dose. Every product that we see around us is of a certain design even
though not as simple as the aspirin pill. Everything from vehicles we use to
go to work, to TV remote controls.
“Design”, briefly, means a harmonious assembling of
various parts into an orderly form towards a common goal. Going by this
definition, one would have no difficulty in guessing that a car is designed. This
is because there is a certain goal, which is to transport people and cargo. For
the realization of this goal various parts such as the engine, tires and body
are planned and assembled in the plant.
However, what about a living creature? Might a bird and
the mechanics of its flying be designed as well? Before giving an answer, let
us repeat the evaluation we did for the example of a car. The goal at hand, in
this case, is to fly. For this purpose, hollowed bones, strong muscles that
move these bones are utilized together with feathers capable of suspending in
the air. Wings are formed aerodynamically, and metabolism is in tune with the
bird’s need for high levels of energy. It is obvious that the bird is product
of a certain design.
If one explores other creatures besides a bird, similar
facts are attained. There are examples of a certain meticulous design in every
creature. If one continues further on this quest, one would discover that our
selves are also a part of this certain design. Your hands that hold these
pages are functional as no robot hands could ever be. Your eyes that read
these lines are making vision possible with such focus that the best camera on
earth simply cannot imitate.
Hence one arrives at this important conclusion; all
creatures in Nature, including ourselves, are of by Design. This, in turn,
shows the existence of a Creator Who designs all creatures at will, sustains
the entirety of nature and holds absolute power and wisdom.
However, this truth is rejected by the theory of
evolution that was formed in the middle of 19th century. The theory
set forth in Charles Darwin’s book “On the Origin of Species” asserts that all
creatures evolved within a chain of coincidences and essentially mutated from
one another.
According to the fundamental assertion of this theory
all living things go through minute and coincidental changes. If these
coincidental changes help the creature then it gains advantage over the others,
which in turn is carried onto following generations.
This scenario has been passed around as if it is a very
scientific and convincing one for 140 years. When scrutinized under a bigger
microscope and when compared against the examples of the Design in creatures, a
very different picture of Darwin’s theory is painted, i.e. Darwinism’s
explanation of creation is nothing more than a self-conflicting vicious circle.
Let us first focus on the “coincidental changes”. Darwin could not provide a comprehensive definition to this concept due to the lack of
genealogical knowledge in his time. The evolutionists who followed him put
forth the concept of “mutation” on this subject. Mutation is arbitrary
disconnections, dislocation or shifts of genes in living things. The most important
point is that there is not one single mutation in history that is shown to have
improved the condition of the genetic information of a creature. Nearly all
the known cases of mutations disable or harm these creatures and the rest are
neutral in effect. Therefore, to think that a creature can improve through
mutation is the same as shooting into a crowd of people hoping that the consequent
injuries will result in healthier and improved individuals. This would clearly
be nonsense.
As importantly, contrary to all the scientific data,
even if one assumes that a certain mutation could actually improve a being’s
condition, Darwinism still cannot be delivered from inevitable collapse. The
reason for this is a concept called “irreducible complexity”.
The implication of this concept is that majority of
systems and organs in living things function as a result of various independent
parts working together. The elimination or disabling of even one of which would
be enough to disable the entire system or organ.
For example, an ear perceives sounds only through a
chain reaction of a series of smaller organs. Take out or deform one of these,
e.g. one of the bones of the middle ear, and there would be no hearing
whatsoever. In order for an ear to perceive, a variety of components such as the
auditory meatus, malleous, incus and stapes bones, the tympanic membrane, the cochlea
and fluid, sensory cells, the vibration sensor extensions of these cells and the
net of nerves that connect to the brain and hearing center in the brain have to
work together without exception.
The system could not have developed in segments because
none of the segments could possibly function alone.
Hence the concept of irreducible complexity demolishes
the theory of evolution from its foundations. What is really interesting is
the fact that Darwin also worried about these very prospects. He wrote in On
The Origin of Species:
“If the impossibility of formation of a complex organ
through a series of small changes was ever to be proven my theory would have
certainly collapsed. However I could not find such an organ...” (Charles
Darwin, The Origin of Species: A Facsimile of the First Edition, Harvard
University Press, 1964, p. 189.)
Darwin could not or might not have wanted to find such
an organ at the premature levels of 19th century science. However
the science of 20th century did study nature down to its minute
details and it proved that the majority of living structures embody irreducible
complexity. Therefore, Darwin’s theory has most “certainly collapsed” just as
he feared.
As we examine the living beings we will not only see the
immense error Darwinism makes, but also witness the greatness of wisdom behind
the creation of these systems. These mechanisms will be found anywhere from
the wings of a bird to inside a bat’s skull. Hence we will see the
indisputable evidences of God’s creation without error. Likewise, the power
and faculty of God to create without error is expressed in a chapter of the Quran
as follows:
“He is God - the Creator, the Maker, the Giver of Form. To
Him belong the Most Beautiful Names. Everything in the heavens and earth
glorifies Him. He is the Almighty, the All-Wise.” (Quran 59:24)
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