El artículo / video que has solicitado no existe todavía.
The article/video you have requested doesn't exist yet.
L'article / vidéo que vous avez demandée ne existe pas encore.
The article/video you have requested doesn't exist yet.
The article/video you have requested doesn't exist yet.
The article/video you have requested doesn't exist yet.
आपके द्वारा अनुरोधित लेख/वीडियो अभी तक मौजूद नहीं है।
The article/video you have requested doesn't exist yet.
Makala/video uliyoomba bado haipo.
The article/video you have requested doesn't exist yet.
요청한 문서 / 비디오는 아직 존재하지 않습니다.
The article/video you have requested doesn't exist yet.
המאמר / הסרטון שביקשת אינו קיים עדיין.
The article/video you have requested doesn't exist yet.
El artículo / video que has solicitado no existe todavía.
The article/video you have requested doesn't exist yet.
L'article / vidéo que vous avez demandée ne existe pas encore.
The article/video you have requested doesn't exist yet.
The article/video you have requested doesn't exist yet.
The article/video you have requested doesn't exist yet.
आपके द्वारा अनुरोधित लेख/वीडियो अभी तक मौजूद नहीं है।
The article/video you have requested doesn't exist yet.
Makala/video uliyoomba bado haipo.
The article/video you have requested doesn't exist yet.
요청한 문서 / 비디오는 아직 존재하지 않습니다.
The article/video you have requested doesn't exist yet.
המאמר / הסרטון שביקשת אינו קיים עדיין.
The article/video you have requested doesn't exist yet.
¿¼Ö¤Ê¥ÑµµÄÁíÒ»¸öÖØÒª¹¤¾ß¾ÍÊÇ´«Êöϵͳ£¬ËüÊÇרÊôÓÚÄÂ˹ÁÖÎÚÂêµÄ֪ʶ¡£´«ÊöϵͳÊÇÖ¸£º´Ó±»´«ÊöÐÅÏ¢£¨Ê¥Ñµ£©µÄ×îºó´«ÊöÈË×·ËÝÖÁÆä×î³õÀ´Ô´¡ª¡ªÄÂÊ¥£¨Ô¸Ö÷¸£°²Ö®£©ÄÇÀïµÄ´«Êö¾¹ý¡£
¹ØÓÚ´«ÊöϵͳµÄ¼ÛÖµ£¬°¢²·¶ÅÀ¡¤±¾¡¤Ä°ÍÀ¿ËÒâζÉµØËµ£º¡°´«ÊöϵͳÊÇ×ڽ̵ÄÒ»²¿·Ö¡£Èç¹ûûÓÐÑÏÃܵĴ«Êöϵͳ£¬ÄÇô£¬Ë¶¼¿ÉÒÔ×ÔÔ²Æä˵¡£¡±[1] ÊÂʵÉÏ£¬´«ÊöϵͳÒѾ³ÉΪÕç±ðÊ¥ÑµÕæÎ±µÄÖØÒª±ê×¼¡£Ö±ÖÁ½ñÌ죬ûÓÐÈ˸ÒÓÚ²»Ìṩ´«Êöϵͳ¾Í´«Êöʥѵ¡£¡°ÓÐÕâÑùµÄÈË£¬Èç¹ûÄãÎÊËûʥѵÀ´Ô´£¬Ëû¾Í³ÁĬ¡£¡±´«Êöϵͳһֱ°çÑÝ×ű£»¤Ê¥Ñµ£¬È·±£Ê¥ÑµÕæÊµÐԵĽÇÉ«¡£ÔçÆÚʥѵѧ¼ÒÉõÖÁ²»È¥Àí»áûÓÐÒÑÖª´«ÊöϵͳµÄʥѵ¡£
¹ØÓÚ´«ÊöϵͳµÄ¼ÛÖµ£¬ËÕ¸£Ñô¡¤É¨À×äÓÚÒÁÀú161Ä꣩ÕâÑù˵£º¡°´«ÊöϵͳÊÇÐÅÊ¿µÄ±¦½£¡£Ã»Óб¦½£ºÎÒÔÕ½¶·£¿¡±ÄÂ˹ÁÖѧÕßÔËÓô«ÊöϵͳÕâ¸öÀûÆ÷£¬ÄÜÇá¶øÒ×¾ÙµØÇå³ýÈËÃÇ´ø½øÒÁ˹À¼µÄÅÔÃÅ×óµÀºÍÍáÀíа˵¡£¾Ý´«Êö£¬Äº±Ä¬µÂ¡¤±¾¡¤Î÷ÁÖ£¨×äÓÚÒÁÀú110Ä꣩¡¢°¬ÄÎ˹¡¤±¾¡¤Î÷ÁÖ¡¢Ôú¹þ¿ËºÍÅ·¸ñ°Í¡¤±¾¡¤ÄɷƵȶ¼Ëµ¹ý£º¡°Ê¥ÑµÖªÊ¶¼´ÐÅÑö£¬Òª×¢Òâ±£»¤ÄãµÄÐÅÑö¡£¡±[2] ʥѵÊÇÒÁ˹À¼Á¢·¨µÄԴȪ£¬¶ø½ÓÊÜÒ»¸öÈ˵Ĵ«Êö£¬¾ÍÏ൱ÓÚ½ÓÊÜÀ´×ÔËûµÄÐÅÑö·½ÃæµÄ½Ì»å¡£Òò´Ë£¬Ö»Óд«ÊöϵͳÄܹ»×¼È·ÎÞÎóµØ×·Ëݵ½ÏÈ֪ĺ±Ä¬µÂÄÇÀïµÄʥѵ£¬²ÅÊǿɽÓÊܵġ£
Õâ¸öϵͳ±È½ñÌìµÄ°æÈ¨ÏµÍ³¸üÓб£»¤´ëÊ©¡£¹þÃ×¶ÅÀдµÀ£º¡°¾¡¹Üµ±½ñѧÕßÔÚѧÊõ¹¤×÷ÉÏ»áÒýÓÃÖØÒªÀ´Ô´£¬µ«¼´±ãÊÇ×î½÷É÷µÄÎļþ£¬Ò²ÓÐÕâÁ½µãȱÏÝ£º
1¡¢³ö°æÎïºÜÉÙ»ò²»»áºËʵÊÇ·ñÓдíÎó¡£Èç¹ûÕâÏ×÷ÒÀÀµ×÷Õß¼ø¶¨»òÕßÓлú»áÈÃÆä±¾ÈËÉóºË»òÊÚȨÈËÉóºË£¬¾Í²»»á³öÏÖÕâÖÖÏÖÏó¡£
2¡¢ÏÖ½ñÖ»Âú×ãÖ±½ÓÀ´Ô´£¬²»¿¼ÂÇÀ´Ô´µÄÀ´Ô´²¢×·ËÝÖÁµ±ÊÂÈË¡£¶øÊ¥Ñµ´«Êö¾ø¶Ô²»»á³öÏÖÕâÖÖÏÖÏ󡣡±[3]
×ÜÖ®£¬¿ÉÒÔ˵´«ÊöϵͳÊÇʥѵµÄ»ù±¾£¬Ã»Óд«Êöϵͳ¾ÍÎÞ·¨¼ø¶¨Ê¥ÑµµÄÕæÊµÐÔ¡£°¢²·¶ÅÀ¡¤±¾¡¤Ä°ÍÀ¿ËµÀ³öÁËÕæÀí£ºÃ»Óд«Êöϵͳ£¬Ë¶¼¿ÉÒÔ˵×Ô¼º´«ÊöµÄÊÇʥѵ£¬ÊÇÐÅÑöµÄÒ»²¿·Ö¡£[4] ÊÂʵÉÏ£¬´«ÊöϵͳµÄ¼ÛÖµ·Ç³£Ã÷ÏÔ£¬²»Óùý¶àÌÖÂÛ¡£Òò´Ë£¬¸üÖØÒªÊÇÌÖÂÛ´«Êöϵͳ¿ªÊ¼Ê¹ÓõÄʱ¼ä£¬Èç¹û´«ÊöÏµÍ³ÕæµÄÊÇÔÚÄÂÊ¥¹éÕæºÜ¾Ãºó²ÅʹÓõϰ£¬ÄǾÍûÓÐʲôÒâÒå¿ÉÑÔÁË¡£
Å·Âó¶û¡¤¸¥ÀËþÔÚËûµÄ²©Ê¿ÂÛÎÄÖвûÊöÁËʥѵ´«ÊöϵͳµÄÏêϸÀúÊ·¡£Æª·ùÓÐÏÞ²»ÔÙÏêÒý¡£¹ØÓÚÊ×´ÎʹÓô«Êöϵͳ£¬ËûµÄÖØÒª½áÂÛÊÇ£º²»ÔÚ³¡µÄÊ¥ÃŵÜ×Óϰ¹ßʹÓô«Êöϵͳ£¬µ«ËûÃÇϰ¹ßÔÚ×Ô¼ººÍÄÂÊ¥Ö®¼ä²»ÉèÖÃý½é£¬Ìáµ½´«ÊöϵͳµÄÏÖÏó²»Ã÷ÏÔ¡£Ê¥ÃŵÜ×ÓÃÇ´«ÊöÒ»¶Îʥѵʱ£¬»á½âÊÍÇå³þÊÇ·ñÖ±½ÓÀ´×ÔÄÂÊ¥¡£Ê¥ÃŵÜ×ÓÃÇ´«ÊöµÄ´óÁ¿Ê¥Ñµ¶¼ÊÇÖ±½ÓÀ´×ÔÄÂÊ¥µÄ£¬ËäÈ»´«ÊöϵͳÔÚÊ¥ÃŵÜ×ÓʱÆÚÒѾ¿ªÊ¼Ê¹ÓÃÁË£¬µ«ÒòΪÄǸöʱ´ú»¹Ã»ÓÐÕç±ðÊ¥ÑµÕæÎ±µÄ±ØÒª£¬Òò´ËʹÓô«ÊöϵͳµÄƵÂʲ»ÊǺܸߡ£
[1] ÒÁÂêÄ¿ÄÂ˹ÁÖÔÚʥѵʵ¼µ¼ÑÔÖнâÊÍÁË£¬´«ÊöϵͳÊÇÐÅÑöµÄÒ»²¿·Ö¡£
[2] Quoted in Umar ibn Hasan Uthmaan al-Fullaatah, al-Widha fi al-hadeeth (Damascus: Maktabah al-Ghazzaali, 1981), vol. 2, p. 10.
[3] Muhammad Hamidullah, Sahifah Hammam ibn Munabbih (Paris: Centre Culturel Islamique, 1979), p. 83.
[4] ÕâÀïÒªÌáµ½±£Â޺ͻù¶½½ÌÔʼ½ÌÒå¡£±£ÂÞû¼û¹ýÒ®öÕ£¬Ëû²»ÄÜ×·ËݽÌÒåµ½Ò®öÕ£¬ÊÂʵÉÏ£¬Ëû·´¶ÔÒ®öÕµÄÃÅͽ£¬ËûÃÇÖªµÀÒ®öյϰ¡£²»ÐÒµÄÊÇ£¬»¹ÔÀúÊ·ÕæÊµÐÔºÍ×·Ëݵ½Ò®öÕµÄÒªÇó²¢Ã»ÓÐÔÚ»ù¶½½ÌÖÐÕæÕýµØ·¢Õ¹¡£Òò´ËÕâ¸ö×ڽ̱äµÃÍáÇú£¬Ô¶ÀëÁËÒ®öÕµÄÕæÊµ½Ìµ¼¡£
ÄúµÄÊղؼÐÒÑ¿Õ. Äú¿ÉÒÔÓñ༹¤¾ßÌõÌí¼ÓÎÄÕÂÖÁ´ËÁбí.
Çå¿ÕÄúµÄÀúÊ·¼Ç¼.
Ϊʲôע²á? ±¾Õ¾×¨ÃÅΪÄãÉèÁ¢ÁËÐí¶à×Ô¶¨Òå,ÀýÈç: ÄúµÄÊղؼÐ, ÄúµÄÀúÊ·, Äúä¯ÀÀ¹ýµÄÎÄÕÂ, ×ÔÄúÉÏ´Îä¯ÀÀºóËù·¢²¼µÄÎÄÕÂÁбí,¸ü¸Ä×ÖÌå, ¸ü¶à. ÕâЩ¶¼½«ÒÔÄúʹÓõÄͬһ̨¼ÆËã»úµÄcookies Ϊ»ù´¡. ¿ÉÒÔÔÚÈκμÆËã»úÉϲ鿴, ͬʱÄúÊ×ÏÈÒªµÇ¼±¾Õ¾.
ÇëÊäÈëÄúµÄÓû§ÃûºÍÓÊÏ䵨ַ£¬È»ºóµã»÷·¢ËÍÃÜÂë°´Å¥. Äú½«ºÜ¿ìÕÒ»ØÄúµÄÃÜÂë. ʹÓÃÐÂÃÜÂë¿É¼ÌÐø·ÃÎʱ¾Õ¾.
Ìí¼ÓÆÀÂÛ