Date: Sat, 21 Nov 2009 07:31:41 -0500 Return-Path: phpmailer@islamreligion.com To: you@you.com From: "IslamReligion.com Recommend Service" Subject: Your friend read this article recommends you : What is the Sunnah? (part 1 of 2): A Revelation like the Quran Message-ID: <50c0ce1c95d0df14621c208741014b7a@www.islamreligion.com> X-Priority: 3 X-Mailer: PHPMailer [version 1.73] X-Original-Sender-IP: 38.107.191.96 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/related; type="multipart/alternative"; boundary="b1_50c0ce1c95d0df14621c208741014b7a" --b1_50c0ce1c95d0df14621c208741014b7a Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="b2_50c0ce1c95d0df14621c208741014b7a" --b2_50c0ce1c95d0df14621c208741014b7a Content-Type: text/plain; charset = "iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit What is the Sunnah? (part 1 of 2): A Revelation like the Quran Description: A brief article outlining what constitutes the Sunnah, and its role in Islamic Law.  Part One: The definition of Sunnah, what it constitutes, and the types of revelation. By The Editorial Team of Dr. Abdurrahman al-Muala (translated by islamtoday.com) Published on 12 Nov 2007 - Last modified on 04 Oct 2009 Viewed: 6674 (daily average: 9) - Rating: 3.7out of5 - Rated by: 3Printed: 410 - Emailed: 2 - Commented on: 0 Category: Articles > Evidence Islam is Truth > Evidence of Muhammad’s Prophethood Category: Articles > The Prophet Muhammad > Evidence of His Prophethood The Sunnah, according to the scholars of hadeeth, is everything that has been related from the Messenger, may the mercy and blessings of God be upon him, of his statements, actions, tacit approvals, personality, physical description, or biography.  It does not matter whether the information being related refers to something before the beginning of his prophetic mission, or after it. Explanation of this definition: The statements of the Prophet include everything the Prophet said for various reasons on different occasions.  For example, he said: “Verily deeds are but by intentions, and every person will have only what he intended.” The actions of the Prophet include everything that the Prophet did that was related to us by his Companions.  This includes how he made ablutions, how he performed his prayers, and how he made the Hajj pilgrimage. The tacit approvals of the Prophet includes everything that his Companions said or did that he either showed his favor towards or at least did not object to.  Anything that had the tacit approval of the Prophet is as valid as anything that he said or did himself. An example of this is the approval that was given to the Companions when they used their discretion in deciding when to pray during the Battle of Bani Quraydhah.  God’s Messenger had said to them: “None of you should perform your afternoon prayers until you arrive at Bani Quraydhah.” The Companions did not arrive at Bani Quraydhah until after sunset.  Some of them took the Prophet’s words literally and postponed the afternoon prayer, saying: “We will not pray until we get there.”  Others understood that the Prophet was only indicating to them that they should hurry on their journey, so they stopped and prayed the afternoon prayer on time. The Prophet learned about what the two groups had decided, but did not criticize either of them. As for the Prophet’s personality, this would include the following statement of Aishah (may God be pleased with her): “God’s Messenger was never indecent or vulgar, nor was he loud at the marketplace.  He would never respond to the abuse of others with abuses of his own.  Instead, he would be tolerant and forgiving.” The physical description of the Prophet is found in statements like the one related by Anas (may God be pleased with him): “God’s Messenger was neither overly tall nor was he short.  He was neither exceedingly white nor black.  His hair was neither excessively curly nor lank.” The Relationship between the Sunnah and Revelation The Sunnah is revelation from God to His Prophet.  God says in the Quran: “…We have sent down to him the Book and the Wisdom…” (Quran 2:231) The Wisdom refers to the Sunnah.  The great jurist al-Shafi’i said: “God mentions the Book, which is the Quran.  I have heard from people who I consider authorities on the Quran that the Wisdom is the Sunnah of God’s Messenger.”  God says: Indeed, God conferred a great favor on the believers when He sent among them a Messenger from among themselves, reciting to them His signs and purifying them and instructing them in the Book and the Wisdom. It is clear from the preceding verses that God revealed to His Prophet both the Quran and the Sunnah, and that He commanded him to convey both to the people.  The Prophetic hadeeth also attest to the fact that the Sunnah is revelation.  It is related from Mak’hool that God’s Messenger said: “God gave me the Quran and what is like it from the Wisdom.” Al-Miqdam b. Ma’dee Karab relates that God’s Messenger said: “I have been given the Book and with it something like it.” Hisan b. Atiyyah relates that Gabriel used to come the Prophet with the Sunnah just like he would come to him with the Quran. An opinion from the Prophet was not merely his own thoughts or deliberations on a matter; it was what God revealed to him.  In this way, the Prophet was different from other people.  He was supported by revelation.  When he exercised his own reasoning and was correct, God would confirm it, and if he ever made a mistake in his thinking, God would correct it and guide him to the truth. For this reason, it is related that the Caliph Umar said from the pulpit: “O people!  The opinions of God’s Messenger were correct only because God would reveal them to him.  As for our opinions, they are nothing but thoughts and conjecture.” The revelation that the Prophet received was of two types: A.    Informative revelation: God would inform him of something by means of revelation in one form or another as mentioned in the following Quranic verse: “It is not for a human being that God should speak to him except as revelation or from behind a barrier, or by sending a Messenger who reveals by His leave whatever He wishes.  Verily, He is Exalted, All-Wise.” (Quran 42:51) Aishah related that al-Harith b. Hisham asked the Prophet how revelation came to him, and the Prophet answered: “Sometimes, the angel comes to me like the clanging of a bell, and this is the most difficult for me. It weighs upon me and I commit to memory what he says.  And sometimes the angel comes to me in the form of a man and speaks to me and I commit to memory what he says.” Aishah said: “I had seen him when the revelation came to him on an extremely cold day.  When it was over, his brow was full of perspiration.” Sometimes, he would be asked about something, but he would remain silent until revelation came to him.  For example, the Meccan pagans asked him about the soul, but the Prophet remained silent until God revealed: They ask you concerning the soul.  Say: ‘The soul is from the affairs of my Lord, and of knowledge you have but little’. (Quran 17:85) He had also been asked about how inheritance was to be divided, but he did not answer until God revealed: “God commands you regarding your children…” (Quran 4:11) B.    Affirmative revelation: This is where the Prophet exercised his own judgment in a matter.  If his opinion was correct, revelation would come to him affirming it, and if it was incorrect, revelation would come to correct him, making it just like any other informative revelation.  The only difference here is that the revelation came as a result of an action that the Prophet first did on his own. In such instances, the Prophet was left to use his own discretion in a matter.  If he chose what was right, then God would confirm his choice through revelation.  If he chose wrong, God would correct him to protect the integrity of the faith.  God would never allow His Messenger to convey an error to other people, because this would cause his followers to fall into error as well.  This would contravene the wisdom behind sending Messengers, which was that the people henceforth would have no argument against God.  In this way, the Messenger was protected from falling into error, for if he ever erred, revelation would come to correct him. The Prophet’s Companions knew that the tacit approval of the Prophet was actually the approval of God, because if they ever did something contrary to Islam during the Prophet’s lifetime, revelation would come down condemning what they did. Jabir said: “We used to practice coitus interruptus[1]  back when God’s Messenger was alive.”  Sufyan, one of the narrators of this hadeeth, commented: “If something like this was forbidden, the Quran would have prohibited it.” Footnotes: [1] Coitus Interruptus: Withdrawal of the penis before emission of sperm during sex. – IslamReligion.com Next: What is the Sunnah? (part 2 of 2): The Sunnah in Islamic Law Parts of This Article What is the Sunnah? (part 1 of 2): A Revelation like the Quran What is the Sunnah? (part 2 of 2): The Sunnah in Islamic Law View all parts together The web address of this article:http://www.islamreligion.com/articles/653/Copyright © 2006-2009 IslamReligion.com. All rights reserved. --b2_50c0ce1c95d0df14621c208741014b7a Content-Type: text/html; charset = "iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

What is the Sunnah? (part 1 of 2): A Revelation like the Quran

Description: A brief article outlining what constitutes the Sunnah, and its role in Islamic Law.  Part One: The definition of Sunnah, what it constitutes, and the types of revelation.
By The Editorial Team of Dr. Abdurrahman al-Muala (translated by islamtoday.com)
 Published on 12 Nov 2007 - Last modified on 04 Oct 2009
Viewed: 6674 (daily average: 9) - Rating: 3.7 out of 5 - Rated by: 3
Printed: 410 - Emailed: 2 - Commented on: 0
Category: Articles > Evidence Islam is Truth > Evidence of Muhammad’s Prophethood
Category: Articles > The Prophet Muhammad > Evidence of His Prophethood

The Sunnah, according to the scholars of hadeeth, is everything that has been related from the Messenger, may the mercy and blessings of God be upon him, of his statements, actions, tacit approvals, personality, physical description, or biography.  It does not matter whether the information being related refers to something before the beginning of his prophetic mission, or after it.

Explanation of this definition:

The statements of the Prophet include everything the Prophet said for various reasons on different occasions.  For example, he said:

“Verily deeds are but by intentions, and every person will have only what he intended.”

The actions of the Prophet include everything that the Prophet did that was related to us by his Companions.  This includes how he made ablutions, how he performed his prayers, and how he made the Hajj pilgrimage.

The tacit approvals of the Prophet includes everything that his Companions said or did that he either showed his favor towards or at least did not object to.  Anything that had the tacit approval of the Prophet is as valid as anything that he said or did himself.

An example of this is the approval that was given to the Companions when they used their discretion in deciding when to pray during the Battle of Bani Quraydhah.  God’s Messenger had said to them:

“None of you should perform your afternoon prayers until you arrive at Bani Quraydhah.”

The Companions did not arrive at Bani Quraydhah until after sunset.  Some of them took the Prophet’s words literally and postponed the afternoon prayer, saying: “We will not pray until we get there.”  Others understood that the Prophet was only indicating to them that they should hurry on their journey, so they stopped and prayed the afternoon prayer on time.

The Prophet learned about what the two groups had decided, but did not criticize either of them.

As for the Prophet’s personality, this would include the following statement of Aishah (may God be pleased with her):

“God’s Messenger was never indecent or vulgar, nor was he loud at the marketplace.  He would never respond to the abuse of others with abuses of his own.  Instead, he would be tolerant and forgiving.”

The physical description of the Prophet is found in statements like the one related by Anas (may God be pleased with him):

“God’s Messenger was neither overly tall nor was he short.  He was neither exceedingly white nor black.  His hair was neither excessively curly nor lank.”

The Relationship between the Sunnah and Revelation

The Sunnah is revelation from God to His Prophet.  God says in the Quran:

“…We have sent down to him the Book and the Wisdom…” (Quran 2:231)

The Wisdom refers to the Sunnah.  The great jurist al-Shafi’i said: “God mentions the Book, which is the Quran.  I have heard from people who I consider authorities on the Quran that the Wisdom is the Sunnah of God’s Messenger.”  God says:

Indeed, God conferred a great favor on the believers when He sent among them a Messenger from among themselves, reciting to them His signs and purifying them and instructing them in the Book and the Wisdom.

It is clear from the preceding verses that God revealed to His Prophet both the Quran and the Sunnah, and that He commanded him to convey both to the people.  The Prophetic hadeeth also attest to the fact that the Sunnah is revelation.  It is related from Mak’hool that God’s Messenger said:

“God gave me the Quran and what is like it from the Wisdom.”

Al-Miqdam b. Ma’dee Karab relates that God’s Messenger said:

“I have been given the Book and with it something like it.”

Hisan b. Atiyyah relates that Gabriel used to come the Prophet with the Sunnah just like he would come to him with the Quran.

An opinion from the Prophet was not merely his own thoughts or deliberations on a matter; it was what God revealed to him.  In this way, the Prophet was different from other people.  He was supported by revelation.  When he exercised his own reasoning and was correct, God would confirm it, and if he ever made a mistake in his thinking, God would correct it and guide him to the truth.

For this reason, it is related that the Caliph Umar said from the pulpit: “O people!  The opinions of God’s Messenger were correct only because God would reveal them to him.  As for our opinions, they are nothing but thoughts and conjecture.”

The revelation that the Prophet received was of two types:

A.    Informative revelation: God would inform him of something by means of revelation in one form or another as mentioned in the following Quranic verse:

“It is not for a human being that God should speak to him except as revelation or from behind a barrier, or by sending a Messenger who reveals by His leave whatever He wishes.  Verily, He is Exalted, All-Wise.” (Quran 42:51)

Aishah related that al-Harith b. Hisham asked the Prophet how revelation came to him, and the Prophet answered:

“Sometimes, the angel comes to me like the clanging of a bell, and this is the most difficult for me. It weighs upon me and I commit to memory what he says.  And sometimes the angel comes to me in the form of a man and speaks to me and I commit to memory what he says.”

Aishah said:

“I had seen him when the revelation came to him on an extremely cold day.  When it was over, his brow was full of perspiration.”

Sometimes, he would be asked about something, but he would remain silent until revelation came to him.  For example, the Meccan pagans asked him about the soul, but the Prophet remained silent until God revealed:

They ask you concerning the soul.  Say: ‘The soul is from the affairs of my Lord, and of knowledge you have but little’. (Quran 17:85)

He had also been asked about how inheritance was to be divided, but he did not answer until God revealed:

“God commands you regarding your children…” (Quran 4:11)

B.    Affirmative revelation: This is where the Prophet exercised his own judgment in a matter.  If his opinion was correct, revelation would come to him affirming it, and if it was incorrect, revelation would come to correct him, making it just like any other informative revelation.  The only difference here is that the revelation came as a result of an action that the Prophet first did on his own.

In such instances, the Prophet was left to use his own discretion in a matter.  If he chose what was right, then God would confirm his choice through revelation.  If he chose wrong, God would correct him to protect the integrity of the faith.  God would never allow His Messenger to convey an error to other people, because this would cause his followers to fall into error as well.  This would contravene the wisdom behind sending Messengers, which was that the people henceforth would have no argument against God.  In this way, the Messenger was protected from falling into error, for if he ever erred, revelation would come to correct him.

The Prophet’s Companions knew that the tacit approval of the Prophet was actually the approval of God, because if they ever did something contrary to Islam during the Prophet’s lifetime, revelation would come down condemning what they did.

Jabir said: “We used to practice coitus interruptus[1]  back when God’s Messenger was alive.”  Sufyan, one of the narrators of this hadeeth, commented: “If something like this was forbidden, the Quran would have prohibited it.”


Footnotes:

[1] Coitus Interruptus: Withdrawal of the penis before emission of sperm during sex. – IslamReligion.com
  Next: What is the Sunnah? (part 2 of 2): The Sunnah in Islamic Law
Parts of This Article
What is the Sunnah? (part 1 of 2): A Revelation like the Quran
What is the Sunnah? (part 2 of 2): The Sunnah in Islamic Law
View all parts together
The web address of this article:
http://www.islamreligion.com/articles/653/
Copyright © 2006-2009 IslamReligion.com. All rights reserved.
--b2_50c0ce1c95d0df14621c208741014b7a-- --b1_50c0ce1c95d0df14621c208741014b7a Content-Type: image/jpeg; name="What_is_the_Sunnah_(part_1_of_2)_001.jpg" Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 Content-ID: Content-Disposition: inline; filename="What_is_the_Sunnah_(part_1_of_2)_001.jpg" /9j/4AAQSkZJRgABAgAAZABkAAD/7AApRHVja3kAAQAEAAAAPAACABQAAAAIAEEAQQAwADIAMAA4 ADAAOQAA/+4ADkFkb2JlAGTAAAAAAf/bAIQABgQEBAUEBgUFBgkGBQYJCwgGBggLDAoKCwoKDBAM DAwMDAwQDA4PEA8ODBMTFBQTExwbGxscHx8fHx8fHx8fHwEHBwcNDA0YEBAYGhURFRofHx8fHx8f Hx8fHx8fHx8fHx8fHx8fHx8fHx8fHx8fHx8fHx8fHx8fHx8fHx8fHx8f/8AAEQgAxQEYAwERAAIR AQMRAf/EAKMAAAICAwEBAAAAAAAAAAAAAAECAAMEBQYHCAEBAQEBAQEBAAAAAAAAAAAAAAECAwQF BhAAAQMCBAIGBQcJBgQHAAAAAQACAxEEIRIFBjEHQVFhcSITgZEyUhShscFCchUI0WKCkqLC0iND M3ODkyQXUzRFFrLio7N0NVURAQACAgAGAQMFAQAAAAAAAAABEQISITFRYQMTBUEiBJGhUhQV8P/a AAwDAQACEQMRAD8A9Uao2sCBxRAwCBgoGAUDIIgICBkEHFBCgiAUQTKgBCAUQSiCIFIQKQtBSECl ACgU9SAIpSgVUopKAZiEKEPVKEmqIUhUIVQKIMlqwHCgcIHCgIUDBAyCIGCAoIgiCFBEEQRACgiB aIIUCEKgFUKQgUoAQgUhFKQilogUhAhCoVAKkIJmpxVsEOBVQQAVUXMK5qsCIcIGWQQgYFAwKAoC EBqgiAoAgKAVCCVQSqKBKIiAIFKBStAFApQAopSEClFCiBCgUhApCoUhApCBVRASFUZTVgWNQOFJ Q4UBCBggIQMEBCCICgKAsY97srGlzjwAFUGQdO1NjBJDDC94P9lO4gEfoq8TgLdR1aDCXSIm9scr afK0LO09F1jqD9zSRYO09xPuh8VfnTc0KN2zVoNMlx/OjPzFNzQw3HqMppFozn/akjH5Vduxp3Oy DWL4HzdNgshUFsgkzOPXg0USJlJqPqx7iyurfGWMtb7wxb6wrRbGKigqgEKhSEC0QCiBSEaBEKQi kIQKQqAUCEIFIVEogyWlZDhEOFJQ4UBCBkBCBggYIIgKAoNQeZuz9H1SbR9TuxY3sRaXSSNd5bg8 BzfGAaYHpUuWtXQWO7tu3zc1nqtpcV4ZJoyfVWqbJq2DbxrhVrg4HpBqlmqOlY4+JoJ7QCllJ8RE 36jR6ArZSfeDG9IHyJsmqi43Lplq0uubyCBo4mSRrfnKbmktBqXOrl3p7XMuNViuXnAw2wMxPfQZ flV2NA03VLXU4H3doxzbUyvbDnBaXMacHDMAaHoNFFllFEKVoKgBRSlEAhFLRACECEIoUVCkIEcE AoqBRBmiFSmbWCFKSxEJUmFsREUoMInKUCInqFj5TkDCNyA+W5UTI7qQTI7qUEyu6kHM7p5fbT16 V1/qlp/qGMpLcRucx5a0YE5eNB2Jxhp5PrWx+U7QHafd305LqEwTwljejHMM/oAqm0rq1H3XsWCL yG3Guxk1oW3YjZh+aWj5lePPgtMX7v2ez2dZ3BGB0NvIHfOWlaiZ6MzjBHWm1XGjdwbhY3864g+f OptPQ1g8Vls4nyp9xa9CXDCV0zJWnsow1xVjafoawzNL5e7F1WbJJreqMJ4PlZCRxpiSaj1KXMdD V6Ntn8PmxYhbavc6nd6jZB9WwNdEGyOYaljzGDQV9rFNpZeo3lw65nMpaGCgaxjeDWtwAChDHooA QtAURSkFAKIhSDVFChQAhAtOtCwIVQpaikc1FKWqoBag2DbmJViloniUKWCWIoUcOjKgceWgdoYU FjWRlWg7YYylBxbMSg3wsaUtp8IxKLMLOPqUpLU3ltaMt5BK5oDmkZXEDNhwxSViXxxr99p1vfzx zaTJYzske1wjke2lHGnhkD6etNJaa6LcWmxP8Ul4yPgCwxvNe1ri0K6mwP3Bpr3YajeivQ62hPyi VX19k27qbjU9Jc3HUroVwoLWIn/3U07G3dTcX9g6Jobc3kjQKeJkMQ/Zc5NaNiQ3Ok+YPMgubkHH I6UNr+qxyUPrnky7TZuX2mW8cMOn2zGOljtvNzva6SR2cvznNU0rjTis0ku7+5oHAOaQQeBBqClJ ZTojFdSyO0NvWlFkOhdqallOgnrTVbT7hPWmpZfuB3WmpYf9vu601LT/ALdcfrJqlgdtu95KNgO2 X+8lGxHbZm6HK0bK3bZuuhwUo2Vnbd6Ooq0bEO3b8fVCq7NbHbrC2yGW+CIubAoLWwILWwlBY2Aq oubblBcyGiotEaBhGgYRohLmaG1t5LiZ2WKJuZxQhxt7qty//Xm2M1w7MbeyL2tr0MLifZa0cSUi Ll0iGl1GTbD2sk3A20ub9snnSRwNBYDwDGNJ8Q957+PUF0wxmVay6fyfu6vvdAtZC767GMiPra4L ekjDGhcg5JGPdpT4CwhwDJnFppjiPMNQppklOrt7vk8G+HSdOe3860i4d+VZjxylS01htL8PzS9p sI8zszmzXEksmUk+yGl1KCuGC654582alvLLT+XLo2WtoNNcxj2mPyWtgkLQQS1xo01w6CuExk02 E8ml3dzI3Trf4IwOpFVnlh5bhiPrDHj6VDk6nZj5HaDG2VuSWGWWORvU4Or9KM5c28ooyBagmVAM qA5UEyoJRUTKggCgNEBoglEByoJl7EHBsao2vaAgsbRQWtIUDhwVFjXhLVY2QJaLBIEso4kCtgiQ JZRvNS0osoimDGTND4s7c7TwIqg821HV7e6lftC+1Bml3UMYD76KWP4iWjiBUlpcyoGJ9S3jjNW1 VKbXYEkUbhBuV72yAVkleZn4Y+EuIaPUk2tsf/bSNpJm3dfAdTJAPnJU+4tP+wdIZg/d2onr/wBS wfuuV+7oWh2LovAbw1Ed9zGfnjV+5bAcvdLcPBvO+FeBL4H/ADtap9ybKDy5uo2ObBuxsoccDK2M uHaCK4qfcu0M7QWR7cvra11bVvv519OyKOFrmNdC0+EuzDIfrcFZiR6/Y2sFoJooBSPPmAJriWhZ cpZWZEQEICglEEQTBBEEQQIDRBKIJRBEEQcKxqy2vaAgsDQgcNUUwagcNUDhoVFgagYNQENVQaIB M13kPLTQ0wPUg+XedVjcQWsOste+O9mupyZmnK4Mc91Ghw6AWOoF9n4zx4+SJjKGssp1eVR7l3JH 7Gp3A9IP0L6k/F+OerzeyVw3fuwcNWn/AGfyLE/E4dZX2SYbx3b/APrTekNU/wAnDrJ7JXxbw3aO GrS+pqv+Ph/KV3ZLd57x6NYl9X/mT/Hw/lLW6P3nvBwIdq8pB7Pykqx8Rh9ZNnoXIOzutZ3nFPey uuXW5Y9j5KeHxhziAAACWsIXi+S/Gw8PjiMecy3jlwl9Yw4ulP537oXw2VqIIQEICgNFLEISxKKg ICAgKCIIoIqIg4dgWW1zAgsaFBYAgcBRTtCoYAJQcAJSGogYBUNRAszawvb1ghB4Tz90sDaNploQ x8gBHGrLiZvR/eBfX+Jy++Y7NRyl80t4L9Pi8lHWikVgo7HOCoyGuKNwsZiVKWIfQH4X7Rh1S+kA q6GPM7rAyhrfX5hX5v5vyXnGPSHaeGL6MhHil+0P/CF8RiViIIQEIGoghSBOCgioiAqCJQiUIgio iDiWLLa5qB2oHCKdqgdqgcKhwgYKoYIG6VUR3s9eKDx3nja3MmyrN8DM7WarcQT4YiN1w59f2V7v jsq8sNYy+V5ojFPLCeMb3NP6Jov1uE8HnyipDKTwC6QhhE/3SqLI4JDjkKtrEH8uQHFpCNRC1jaO APpRqIfU/wCGzb/wOm61qDh/MuJLeDuyR53D9sL8b8j5d/LLpm9liGL+/wCgLwsLURAgYIIgNQgh KglVRKoAgIQRAEBQFBxTFlta1BYEDBQOFFO1A4QOEDBVDBUOFUR3DqxQcfvvQ7i+2Tq0NtWS5gup L2BpNK5Zc7469To3Oat+PKsolrGeL5B3G2yh1y6IgdDFI/MzzBShOJB6O4r9V4vyYiIvlLGcRahj GnER1HQV7YztzpaI6fUI9C1stLmDClCO9W2og9WgeIYdoWdlLaW3x19HDaQ/EShwdKG4NDWmpzHo HWvL5/yojGaaxi5faHLTTHWGzbEyCk96HXs+GXxTmrcOxgaB2L8lnNzZnNy6eJwJfTodQ+oLDK1E RBAgOKAlBEEQRBEEQRBEEqgJOFSg4ppABJNAMSTgKLLbDduPQo5Ax17FmJoMpLhX7TQQptDWsroN f0SYAx30Lq4DxgdNOmim0JUsuO+sX+xcxO6cHtP0q2VLJY5p4EHuIQM2SOtM7a9WYVQWtHT0daBw gYIGGKqScKoDgcpp0Y+pBTBlkN3HIA9hlexzeNWuaKg94KD5i5pcsdU0XVMvnvOmXcvl2F3K3zLd kbzVsUlKujLDh1Hjgvp/j/lVFcnWJtwk3LndEXihsBOz37K5YR6BUr3Y5R9P2mmZ8cqDszeDfZ0v UQO+M/Sum2XXL9YT1yeLZO9H/wDTNR/9MfOVJznrl+p65ZUPLvc7yDeW/wAJEfr310yMfqs8RWMv JH1/eV9cvQOWXKS61TXBD573aTbFjr+7hjdBbkYOMEecB0j3cCTwC+f+T+TcVCz9sPqdrWtaGMaG saA1rRwAAoAF89yJbNLXTGtc0hPyAfQkC+qIKCIJVBKoDVAKjrQQuaOJCBfOjHFw9aKV13bj6yFK 3ajbjhUoUrdqjOhhPehRDqx6GD1otK36vJSmQYqlPJebGo3llo1mS6aHR5pjHqt3b0zQggeS59f6 ZfUO6OFVyzuuDp4+bgpX6tbxskguTfWxp5ckUbc4GBNWVjJB7CVwp3G21O3Ezo3XLLVz8XR3BdA8 PztfgJwyvskYE8VOKttb6yyO2eJoTGZBlZL/AE6Ek0Dhh0qWUkuryuaY4JxHbkDzDGKvfQe0XHpz K7QasjT7uuHxZlAGMbmsFKnE1GXCitpTeWuoT2z2Ps535M2WjHuHD6pacK9XWlpTZDc+rAtaLuQS OrRp+t2ioV3lnWDxbp17Jn+KqK4VYDhx6Qm8mkMy33pq+AcIZSeHhI+Yqx5JSfHCm45g6zBO2N7N Pjzn2ZZHh4A62szrpGbPrZ3+4lo23zSSRvlb7TY6ta6oOAL8VPaephx8y7SyfcyzafczsuZfOb5O Q5GljW5fEW5sW1qtRnEk+OWRFzd5eXkfw99O+2ZLg6O9t3eWe8gSMW4licJYVzszkhrj33rJbNsj /amtL4wGp7GyNp6l0x8uWPKS8mOzlByomP8AI1a5NeiPVXO/eK3/AGcv+g2llxchuXj2gifUZmf/ AD5XA+oqf2ck2lttJ5Q8tdLnE1vprZJ21HmTzSSuNevM5Zy82WXOTaXZwR20ETYYGsihYKMjYA1o HYBQLDK0OBGBQaLUdeltLieCFoc+Mgkk1HiANCFm2ogut7zttIZI+W1lnbAxj5jGWggPAxAcRUDM tWlNCOdWgdNjdD9T+JWjVn6LzU29q1/HYRMmguZq+UJWgNcQK0qCUKdQb7sUsohvn9ASyiG7mPSl lEdcSni4qLRDI48SSgUlACUCkoELlVAlEI4qpLWOZFLG+KVjZYpGlkkbwHNc1woWuacCD1LKvPtZ 5XXVhFJNs2WOFpcXnSLouEYBrmZbT4uiB9x1W9y55YRLpjnXNwmpazdWM33dr9i/TZnAhsOoNGR3 WWTGsUg+y5cpxmHWMolRFaaQCyWxe+2kmaTWxmcw0PW1vgPpKRK0BdqtuawX0F0K+zdW4Dj/AIlu YnceuqtI2NrJeOb5lxotyMtaz6dNFcAnpIimbE/9tZ1hbk8e6tJtqsffTWTRg9moWc8TR3viFwyo 71dTZsodZgu5A+01HT7vzMQ2G7hDqn82R0bvkqprJtDYyT6swZvhJyw4ulEbnN/XZmb6aqVK8DQa /Zs8Lnhjsatd4SD6VClkd9ajxN/ZwNSKY4YiisSUM0rJvbyvaeBIBHcQfpVpFUUMEYd5bWxF2Diw eE095nD6UFd1p2l3TCZYqgHxjgRXpBIoQl0NRc7A0a4o6MgVrTMMKrceSSmIOX0geWNYxjuiQE0q OtX2SlQoG0Nfs5TJbyzMdHiRb3Dojh2jEDtT2GrdW0+8IIyz46/a7i0suRNUHprIEnyT2NIZlluP cTJRHd6xeROaaEXDcjT+mA5mPem6aQ2v3pvfzq6frTY38clywOaAeGLafMpumkNvt9+sv+Jl1cxy X0uMs0R8DiMAR3hdIliYbPfTM1tcnomsY3epo/hW45sRyeSg0lLT1roLIrk2WpWl63D4eVrz3A4/ Ikj6DtriOe3jmYaskaHNPYQuUofMgGZBCUAJVAqSgBKBSUCEqwASgUlVGubRYVa0oFuba0vLd1te QR3Nu72oZmNkYf0XghBw24uSWzdSjMmksft6/wCIuLD+zceqW3cfLc3uoVmcYluM5hwN/wAruami vL7aG03FatNc1vJ5FwR/dS4V7nFYnx9Go8jAn13U9ElZJq+m6nZ+XlrFPayZAK+Kj2ChNOmqzOMu kZQ2Flr7tWibJauj1CJwqS0ZiesnAn0FoUVbNbaXdRvhu9Gjkz+Egx1NOnoaAgxI9mbYizfB3Vzp E7RWlncSMIPaGub8isSUz7TQN1j/AJPd9zKyMA5LyNly016B5rJCfWls0ovGb6sonT3MmgXtuCA6 WaIWtK9bonwCpVipOSoavuGONksu24Xsc2rZbG+maHDiKB4nFPSpMQ1FlO5xEWi50jVbWvHy5bac V7niEqVBxXM3toETznn1K1cBgZbAvw/O8mR+HoVpLllDd233N8xmvWkQGPlzw3UBr3PjUotkQ7w0 mVtWa/pTqcA66DPke1qamy5ut2j6ZNS0x7jwc2/t6V7PEEpbW/H+Zi2a2ca8WXduRh04PU1LZUTr 6dpyyWxYPaBuYD34Z8cEqS4JDHdGUCOSz8gYOY66gZQH3CHup3EJRcMxj9TY/JDe2EYGDXu1CIDr 7VYhJpvI/vO8tzFeX2nzsdGYswuw4tZSlGkNPWukZzDExDTybFiMhkZq9nkPEOeag94FCukeaGNZ U3mwmTwOjZrlkx3veIgJ7oNZdxo2raTpel29pdatbSSwMDHPEjWtNB+carE+SDSWW7eu1WYO1W2/ zo/4k3g0lQ7mFsxnt6vajvmi/iTc0YMnNzl7HMYn6zbNcOnzWFp7iCVN+xp3YkHOjYcznj7xhjYz DO6VlD6k37Lp3XN5t7Klq231K2mmoSyITxguI6ASQMVZznoaBPzZ2jaWsUup3lvYTSCvw0k8b3t7 /LL1I8kz9DTu5/WPxB7Ot2NbpR+87pxoI4/MDAO1+Q/Mm89DSOpH867q5Ywabt++nmNMx8glhwxD SXM9a3bOrqttarvHV4jcajpjdEt/6bJy2S4f25GOIYPtH0LcJLoWhzW0c8vPvEAfMjLAY5RpY1yi LA5A4cgbMoGEjqUrh1Kjk9e5Y7L1i4dePsjY6i45jfWDzbSF3vODPA4/aaszES1GUw803ltS60S7 ZbWOvy3jnN/mRXcLHZAeHiYRU+hT1w6R5JaBljrpLXN1MREYERQMHqrwV9Zux7vdes7aieNQ1Bt5 bSEZHyxmN3XlzMq2px+qs5+OuSxn1c9ujmJo2u6O6zJcH545DlLspy1JBBFacOlMcZhMs4p0m3d7 24060ijJ8yOFrWtqHNplAyktzltOui5zDfBto95aDHIG3/xNkSQ1rpGnyTXhlkbQfIitzqEul+S1 77b4oyeIZA57i2lauALhQ96lqw55rZ0cUjNBE7H1AGVocAPeDnGnqS0U3Og7UczzL63sbcUa54c5 tWuONCarVim/2ry0DGuLoZ5ZaubDA8Ek9vuhLRhTbI2bN7Nv8M8+y0ucS7uBKWtM6x5Y7Lmh/mTt FySQy3lf5NctOB4O7glpMMLXeXe1bKwu7lrYfOt4XytjMmbFjSWggU40TYpodNj2Hd6WdR3DJaxX sjjGyG1YyBnltADKsGFR0npVmZRs9M2Xy81Zrjput6fpUuXPF596RI4tFaeW3AVp0pFpMwrj2dui 7iZJb3lhHHU5XSRCVxANASfLANeK6x4e7O4v2HueuaTUNMcer4IGvyBajxd02bbZnLHVtZuJDNfa Z5cDsssDrAZiOtrmkfKs5ePukZvRbTktobBWU2znV4ttWjD0lY0nq17OzY/7RbadH5ZDWtPHy4Y2 E9lRimndPZ2O3lDtFsTYfKHlsIcAIowcw6S6lT609fc9jLZy120xoYGuyN9lobGAPQGq+uD2Son5 SbGuf+ZsWzU4FzY6+sNVjCE3ldDys2BCAG6RFh6PmorpBvLMt9ibNt3MfFpFuHMNWlzS6hH2iUjG IScpb1tGCjfCOpuHzLTIEqoQlBqmvUaWCRQOJEDCRA3mhATKoMLV9Xh06wlu5DhGPC33ndASIHjd 7cXF9dSXczi6SRxca9q6RCqmtcOhBjappVrqVm61vIPOheQcp94cCFR5furR9sWtk+PTGOdelxGe po0xnxtpTqXOcjVpLSDRmxxsurWTz2082ZrwweL2SKq2U6yHl9YX1tFOyV8kT2h0Zc4nAiopWq1E JLIt9B17RwW6Zq13bMApkZK7LTqymoTSF2mDfH78Yat1uavCpbET68qnqxXaWtv7Tdd+4fF6pJLS tAQwDHsACsePFNpBmm7pFA3UnNoKAhsYIFKcctU9eK7Syo9G3hMAPvq4Ha11Dj2gAp68U2lbJsrc 07Ml1rVy+ForR8ri0AdOJoKJpily53WYbeyZJat1m6unMaaND3GLN7uJWZiF4ptfbW39Xs2yXupu tbs1rHlaWZc2UHNXDHsS4Ii3e2nJDbboormbUprmB4Dv5QABH2sVuIhKej2FnbWtrFbWrPLt4WBk bOprRQcVpTPjJNOJpj9CDJ2Hc/C7muLcmjZmg07eH0rOUcEeqMcuaHDkBzIJmQTMgBKoFUAJQAlV Aqg0odgo0YOUDCRFESoUPnIUHnKDzfe24RfXvwkUgNrbkgkHBz+krUQOfZcRe8FtFnnQ0rmHrQET MJFHAelB51vzYuhwWN9rNtI+3uMZHRNd4HPcccOipUmISWs2fsHR9T09mo31w+U4l1uDRtR0E8VY iEp6DaeXDA2OMNbGxoaxowAAFAAqrU6vqMUZNXgK0W5+XWYSTSQBa1LINXh/4oV0S1serW5IrIPW mhbaWOrQ5xSVtO8KTituit7+CWkbnNe14o4YEEHis0OW3VsXT7W2udUsHtijYzO+0lb5kZoQ7wEn M3NTHFZmLWJYO1OX+p69p0N9JfssrO4dJJ5cMYD6SUa8CnAODaU4KaQW9k0fT7XTNPt9Pty4wW0b Y2F5q4hopUkrYzTLE0htcSiliYHFzj1lEa7z3afuaxuAcrZD5ZPfw+VSR7DDKHsa4cHAH1hcpRaH IDmQQkIJmQTMqAXIBVBKqoGZBpgo0NEBoooEFFKaoPP+cXMIbQ28wQUOp6k50NoPca0fzJD3VAHa VYSZfNsu8r+Rxc6d5ccT6VrgxZW7uux/Wd60uFs43hdf8Z3rVuCzjeF0P67vWllhcbpN1EYrl5lj PFjsQlwlja7obax+Xb/y4/dbwS4RYd2ucP7Rwr1Ej6UuBjy6zZzYy5nHtcfyqxkqg3Wkn6rv1itb onm6QffH6RTcTzNJ6HPH6SvsDNm05vsyyjucpuUzLfWY4CHRXUwI4eJTYZV5uy4u7V9pPeSugeKO aSMR6lLVkaPva40mzZZ2k7hBH7LSa0qlkM08zdUdxuX06q0SyzR8y9Raa/EP/WH5Esta3mpqrThc O9JafoSy2T/uobuOOO9aC+J4fDOKAtIPA06Ci2+mNo6zbatt6x1C2kEkM8QLXDswI9HBc5G7D8FA c6CZkBzIBmQDMqJnxAPTwQASVrgRQ0x6e0diA5lUahpCjZ0QwooDQIpHAKK+XfxJ6k+639DZA1i0 +yiaG/nTEyOPqIWnOXk+RETJigmRBMiCZCgmRBPLKAZHIJkKCZSgmUoJQoJQoD4kE8SCeJAPEgni QTxdaD6b/C7rc1xtTUtLldmGnXYdCD0MuG1I/WYSkrD21jzRRTVNUBJxQEEoBVUSqCVQNVAEGna5 G1rSiScFRDBAr2inFFt5HzO5ORbr1wavHeG0uDE2KUBgcH5PZJxGNMFSocJL+HLVR/Z6vGftQkfM 5E1Y7vw67iHs6lbnvjeENVZ/Dzuz6t9anvEg+hDUjvw9bxHC7tD6ZB+6hqQ/h93wOE1me3O8fupS akPIDfg4Osz/AIjv4VaNVb+QnMBowZau7pj9LUNVTuRfMMcLa3d3Tj6QhqqfyR5it4WETu6diGqp /JjmM3/pbXfZmj/KlGql3KDmK0//AE7j3SR/xKGqp3KjmG3jocx7nRn95DVU7lfzAbx0K59GU/Sh qQ8tt+N46DdehoPzFOJqrdy+3u3joV5/llDVU7Y+8W8dEvB/hOQ1KdmbuHHRbwf4L/yImpHbQ3U3 jo95/kv/ACIuslO1dzDjpF5X+4k/Ihq91/DXoOr6ZBrN1e28ltHduhZFDK1zHExB1XUIGHjorPIi HurCaLKrAUQaoJVBCcEABQGqoJKCByDTsRtc1EkwKiHBQQoqp8bXcUVWbdvUliC3b1IGFu3qQEWz OpEEWza8EDfDM6kstPhmdSWJ8MzqCCfCs6lS0+EZ1IB8JH1BET4OP3QigbKI/VCCfARe6EssPu+I /VCWWU6bD7oSyyu0yEn2QhafdcXUEstPuyKvshLLZlrasiBDRRJlLZOXqUEoiIgmKQISgiCVVEqg gQalqNrQiSdtFEMEBKAYIB4UURRAwogYURBwQTBBMEEwQHBARRAcEEwVEwQHwoJgoJ4VRPCoB4UB 8KBmohkEQToQBBEA6EEQFURB/9k= --b1_50c0ce1c95d0df14621c208741014b7a--