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				The Slaughter of Livestock (part 2 of 4): Modern
Techniques of Slaughtering
								
							
				Description: A comparison between modern slaughtering
techniques and the method mandated in Islam.  Part 2: A look
into the modern techniques used in slaughtering and whether
it fits the criteria of humane.	
						
				By M. Abdulsalam (© 2006 IslamReligion.com)			
			
				Published on 17 Apr 2006 - Last modified on 19 Feb
2008			
			
		
				Viewed: 9803 (daily average: 7) - Rating: 5out of5 -
Rated by: 1Printed: 564 - Emailed: 2 - Commented on: 0			
			
			Category: 					Articles
					>					Systems in Islam
					>					Health and Nutrition
								 
		
Modern Stunning Techniques Used Prior to Slaughtering

Critics of Islamic and similar Jewish procedures in
slaughtering animals oppose the fact that 1902 (a) is not
implemented, which calls,
though optionally, that animals be stunned before their
throats be cut.  This
is based on the claim that stunning renders the animal
insensible to pain,
although the more favorable opinion is that it renders the
animal easier to
control in mass factory-like slaughter houses.  Some modern
means of stunning
are the following:

Mechanical Methods:

·
Captive Bolt Pistol (CBP): This stunning
method is widely used for all farmed animals and rabbits. 
Gun powder
(cartridge), compressed air and spring under tension drive
bolts through the
skull of animals.  This type of stunning is widely used for
all farmed animals. 
It is called ‘captive’ since the bolt is shot out of the
barrel but remains
attached to the pistol.

·
Concussion stunning.  A mechanically
operated instrument delivers a blow to the brain and
concusses the brain.  Used
for cattle, sheep, calves, rabbits.

·
Free bullets.  Used for animals difficult to
handle such as wild pigs, bison, deer, horses or in
emergencies.

After stunning animals may be
pithed, involving inserting a rod into the cavity made by
the bolt to destroy
the lower portion of the brain and the upper spinal cord. 
In all these
methods, unconsciousness is caused either by penetration of
the skull which
causes brain damage or by causing a concussive blow to the
brain without
penetration.  After stunning the animal undergoes sticking
which cuts off the
blood supply to the brain.  After animals are stunned and
stuck, they are bled,
and it is the bleeding that causes death.  The industry
requires that the heart
should remain beating as long as possible after sticking to
ensure that as much
blood as possible is removed from the flesh and blood
vessels.  This apparently
maintains the quality of the meat and its keeping potential.

Electric Stunning

·
Head-Only Stunning: Cattle, sheep, goats and
ostriches are all stunned using this method.  The technique
involves the
application of a pair of electric tongs on either side of
the animal’s head.  An
electric current is then passed through the brain and this
supposedly leads to the
temporary loss of consciousness.

·
Cardiac arrest stunning:
Used for cattle, sheep, pigs, rabbits and goats.  An
electric current is
either sent through the head and body at the same time to
span the brain and
heart or is sent though the head first and then across the
chest or through the
head and body at the same time.

·
Water Bath Stunning: This is a widely used method of
stunning for chickens,
turkeys, geese and ducks.  In this method, birds are
shackled upside-down on a
moving conveyor belt that takes them to the electric water
bath.  The birds’
heads are to supposedly be immersed in this water causing
their electrocution. 
In recent years, the strength of the electric current has
been raised to ensure
the death of the birds by cardiac arrest.

Gassing

Birds may be stunned using CO2 and Argon gas while they
remain in their crates.  Pigs are also gassed using CO2.

Sticking

In this method a knife is stuck into the animal’s throat
or neck causing brain death from the rapid loss of blood
supply to the brain.

Does the Animal Feel Pain in This Method?

Studies have shown that stunning the animal with the
mentioned techniques put the animal through unnecessary
pain.  Concerning CBP,
the study at the German University showed the following
result for stunned
animals:

1.    The animals were apparently unconscious soon
after stunning.

2.    EEG showed severe pain immediately after
stunning.

3.    The hearts of the animal stunned by CBP
stopped beating earlier as compared to those of the animals
slaughtered
according to the Halal method resulting in the retention of
more blood in the
meat.  This in turn is unhygienic for the consumer.

Although the animals were rendered unconscious, they
felt severe pain from the stunning, a factor not present in
the Islamic manner.


				Previous: The Slaughter of Livestock (part 1 of 4): The
Islamic Method of Slaughtering				
				
								
				Next: The Slaughter of Livestock (part 3 of 4): The
Islamic Ruling Concerning Stunning (1)				
				
						
	 			Parts of This Article
			
								
					The Slaughter of Livestock (part 1 of 4): The Islamic
Method of Slaughtering					
					
					
					The Slaughter of Livestock (part 2 of 4): Modern
Techniques of Slaughtering					
					
					
					The Slaughter of Livestock (part 3 of 4): The Islamic
Ruling Concerning Stunning (1)					
					
					
					The Slaughter of Livestock (part 4 of 4): The Islamic
Ruling Concerning Stunning (2)					
					
					
					View all parts together					
										
					
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				<h1>The Slaughter of Livestock (part 2 of 4): Modern Techniques of Slaughtering</h1>
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					<br />

						<span class="ADS">
				<b>Description:</b> A comparison between modern slaughtering techniques and the method mandated in Islam.  Part 2: A look into the modern techniques used in slaughtering and whether it fits the criteria of humane.</span><br />	
						<span class="AAN">
				By <a href="http://www.islamreligion.com/index.php?searchword=M.+Abdulsalam&searchphrase=exact&ordering=rdate&option=search&fromform=1&modifier=entire" title="Search for articles by this author or contains his/her name">M. Abdulsalam</a> (© 2006 IslamReligion.com)<br />			</span>
			<span class="AD">
				Published on 17 Apr 2006 - Last modified on 19 Feb 2008			</span>
			<br />
		
			<span class="AS">
				Viewed: 9803 (daily average: 7) - Rating: <span class="content_rating">5&nbsp;out of&nbsp;5</span> - Rated by: 1<br />Printed: 564 - Emailed: 2 - Commented on: 0			</span>
			<br />
			<span class="AC">Category: 					<a href="http://www.islamreligion.com/articles/">Articles</a>
					>					<a href="http://www.islamreligion.com/category/91/">Systems in Islam</a>
					>					<a href="http://www.islamreligion.com/category/97/">Health and Nutrition</a>
					</span><br />		<hr class="titlesep">	 
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<h2>Modern Stunning Techniques Used Prior to Slaughtering</h2>

<p class=w-body-text-1>Critics of Islamic and similar Jewish procedures in
slaughtering animals oppose the fact that 1902 (a) is not implemented, which calls,
though optionally, that animals be stunned before their throats be cut.  This
is based on the claim that stunning renders the animal insensible to pain,
although the more favorable opinion is that it renders the animal easier to
control in mass factory-like slaughter houses.  Some modern means of stunning
are the following:</p>

<h3><img width=200 height=268
src="cid:The_Slaughter_of_Livestock_(part_2_of_4)_-_Modern_Techniques_of_Slaughtering_001.jpg"
align=right hspace=10>Mechanical Methods:</h3>

<p class=w-body-text-1 style='margin-left:0in;text-indent:0in'><span
style='font-family:Symbol'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</span></span><span dir=LTR><b>Captive Bolt Pistol (CBP)</b>: This stunning
method is widely used for all farmed animals and rabbits.  Gun powder
(cartridge), compressed air and spring under tension drive bolts through the
skull of animals.  This type of stunning is widely used for all farmed animals. 
It is called ‘captive’ since the bolt is shot out of the barrel but remains
attached to the pistol.</span></p>

<p class=w-body-text-bullet style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in'><span
style='font-family:Symbol'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</span></span><span dir=LTR><b>Concussion stunning</b>.  A mechanically
operated instrument delivers a blow to the brain and concusses the brain.  Used
for cattle, sheep, calves, rabbits.</span></p>

<p class=w-body-text-bullet style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in'><span
style='font-family:Symbol'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</span></span><span dir=LTR><b>Free bullets</b>.  Used for animals difficult to
handle such as wild pigs, bison, deer, horses or in emergencies.</span></p>

<p class=w-body-text-1 style='text-indent:0in'>After stunning animals may be
pithed, involving inserting a rod into the cavity made by the bolt to destroy
the lower portion of the brain and the upper spinal cord.  In all these
methods, unconsciousness is caused either by penetration of the skull which
causes brain damage or by causing a concussive blow to the brain without
penetration.  After stunning the animal undergoes sticking which cuts off the
blood supply to the brain.  After animals are stunned and stuck, they are bled,
and it is the bleeding that causes death.  The industry requires that the heart
should remain beating as long as possible after sticking to ensure that as much
blood as possible is removed from the flesh and blood vessels.  This apparently
maintains the quality of the meat and its keeping potential.</p>

<h3>Electric Stunning</h3>

<p class=w-body-text-bullet style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in'><span
style='font-family:Symbol'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</span></span><span dir=LTR><b>Head-Only Stunning: </b>Cattle, sheep, goats and
ostriches are all stunned using this method.  The technique involves the
application of a pair of electric tongs on either side of the animal’s head.  An
electric current is then passed </span><img width=220 height=164
src="cid:The_Slaughter_of_Livestock_(part_2_of_4)_-_Modern_Techniques_of_Slaughtering_002.jpg"
align=right hspace=10>through the brain and this supposedly leads to the
temporary loss of consciousness.</p>

<p class=w-body-text-bullet style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in'><span
style='font-family:Symbol'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</span></span><span dir=LTR><span class=subheading><b>Cardiac arrest stunning</b>:
</span>Used for cattle, sheep, pigs, rabbits and goats.  An electric current is
either sent through the head and body at the same time to span the brain and
heart or is sent though the head first and then across the chest or through the
head and body at the same time.</span></p>

<p class=w-body-text-bullet style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.25in'><span
style='font-family:Symbol'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</span></span><span dir=LTR><span class=subheading><b>Water</b></span><b> Bath Stunning</b>: </span><img width=220 height=232
src="cid:The_Slaughter_of_Livestock_(part_2_of_4)_-_Modern_Techniques_of_Slaughtering_003.jpg"
align=right hspace=10>This is a widely used method of stunning for chickens,
turkeys, geese and ducks.  In this method, birds are shackled upside-down on a
moving conveyor belt that takes them to the electric water bath.  The birds’
heads are to supposedly be immersed in this water causing their electrocution. 
In recent years, the strength of the electric current has been raised to ensure
the death of the birds by cardiac arrest.</p>

<h3>Gassing</h3>

<p class=w-body-text-1>Birds may be stunned using CO2 and Argon gas while they
remain in their crates.  Pigs are also gassed using CO2.</p>

<h3>Sticking</h3>

<p class=w-body-text-1>In this method a knife is stuck into the animal’s throat
or neck causing brain death from the rapid loss of blood supply to the brain.</p>

<h2>Does the Animal Feel Pain in This Method?</h2>

<p class=w-body-text-1>Studies have shown that stunning the animal with the
mentioned techniques put the animal through unnecessary pain.  Concerning CBP,
the study at the German University showed the following result for stunned
animals:</p>

<p class=w-body-text-bullet>1.    The animals were apparently unconscious soon
after stunning.</p>

<p class=w-body-text-bullet>2.    EEG showed severe pain immediately after
stunning.</p>

<p class=w-body-text-bullet>3.    The hearts of the animal stunned by CBP
stopped beating earlier as compared to those of the animals slaughtered
according to the Halal method resulting in the retention of more blood in the
meat.  This in turn is unhygienic for the consumer.</p>

<p class=w-body-text-1>Although the animals were rendered unconscious, they
felt severe pain from the stunning, a factor not present in the Islamic manner.</p>

</div>

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				Next: The Slaughter of Livestock (part 3 of 4): The Islamic Ruling Concerning Stunning (1)				</a>
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	 			<th>Parts of This Article</th>
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															<a href="http://www.islamreligion.com/articles/313/">
					The Slaughter of Livestock (part 1 of 4): The Islamic Method of Slaughtering					</a>
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										<tr>
					<td class="part">
															<a href="http://www.islamreligion.com/articles/314/">
					The Slaughter of Livestock (part 2 of 4): Modern Techniques of Slaughtering					</a>
					</td>
					</tr>
										<tr>
					<td class="part">
															<a href="http://www.islamreligion.com/articles/315/">
					The Slaughter of Livestock (part 3 of 4): The Islamic Ruling Concerning Stunning (1)					</a>
					</td>
					</tr>
										<tr>
					<td class="part">
															<a href="http://www.islamreligion.com/articles/316/">
					The Slaughter of Livestock (part 4 of 4): The Islamic Ruling Concerning Stunning (2)					</a>
					</td>
					</tr>
										<tr>
					<td class="part">
										<a href="http://www.islamreligion.com/articles/313/viewall/">
					View all parts together					</a>
										</td>
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				<div class="url">The web address of this article:<br><a href="http://www.islamreligion.com/articles/314/">http://www.islamreligion.com/articles/314/</a></div><div class="copyright">Copyright © 2006-2009 <a href="http://www.islamreligion.com/">IslamReligion.com</a>. All rights reserved.</div>		</td>
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